Operations & Algebraic Thinking

4th Grade students will be able to:

• Interpret a multiplication equation as a comparison. Represent verbal statements of multiplicative comparisons as multiplication equations. 

  • Example 1: Interpret 35 = 5 × 7 as a statement that 35 is 5 times as many as 7 and 7 times as many as 5. 

  • Example 2: Know that the statement 24 is 3 times as many as 8 can be represented by the equation 24 = 3 × 8 or 24 = 8 × 3. 

• Multiply or divide to solve word problems involving multiplicative comparison, distinguishing multiplicative comparison from additive comparison. 

  • Example: Know that 3 × 4 can be used to represent that Student A has 4 objects and Student B has 3 times as many objects not just 3 more objects. 

• Solve multi-step word problems posed with whole numbers using the four operations. Answers will be either whole numbers or have remainders that must be interpreted yielding a final answer that is a whole number. Represent these problems using equations with a symbol or letter standing for the unknown quantity. 

• Identify the missing symbol (+, –, ×, ÷, =, <, and >) that makes a number sentence true (single-digit divisor only). 

• Find all factor pairs for a whole number in the interval 1 through 100. Recognize that a whole number is a multiple of each of its factors. Determine whether a given whole number in the interval 1 through 100 is a multiple of a given one digit number. Determine whether a given whole number in the interval 1 through 100 is prime or composite.

• Generate a number or shape pattern that follows a given rule. Identify apparent features of the pattern that were not explicit in the rule itself. 

  • Example 1: Given the rule “add 3” and the starting number 1, generate terms in the resulting sequence and observe that the terms alternate between odd and even numbers. 

  • Example 2: Given the rule “increase the number of sides by 1” and starting with a triangle, observe that the tops of the shapes alternate between a side and a vertex. 

• Determine the missing elements in a function table (limit to +, –, or × and to whole numbers or money). 

• Determine the rule for a function given a table (limit to +, –, or × and to whole numbers).